Electric Range / Oven (50A, 240V) Wire Gauge — NEC 2023 Sizing Guide
Built-in electric range or wall oven — 50A 240V circuit. Use 6 AWG copper. 50A at 25 ft on 240V: 0.51% voltage drop.
6 AWG
copper conductor
0.51%
voltage drop
55A
ampacity
Advanced options — derating, breaker & conduit
6 AWGcopper
Ampacity OKVD 0.51%
6 AWG selected by ampacity (55A ≥ 50A).
Ampacity55Aat 60°C
Voltage drop0.51%1.23V
At load238.8Vreceiving end
Circular mils26,24013.3 mm²
Min for ampacity ← governs
6 AWG
26,240 CM
Min for ≤3% VD
12 AWG
6,530 CM
Copper vs Aluminum (for 50A at 25 ft on 240V)
Copper
6 AWG
VD: 0.5% · 13.3 mm²
Aluminum
4 AWG
VD: 0.5% · 21.1 mm²
Electric Range / Oven (50A, 240V)
Built-in electric range or wall oven — 50A 240V circuit.
For a 50A load at 25 ft on 240V, use 6 AWG copper.
Most electric ranges require 50A circuit per nameplate
Required wire gauge
Ampacity governs
6 AWG copper
55A ampacity | 0.51% voltage drop | 240V system
Circuit specifications
NEC 2023 compliant. Min wire for ampacity: 6 AWG. Min wire for 3% VD: 12 AWG.
Preset distance sensitivity
How Electric Range / Oven (50A, 240V) sizing changes as one-way run distance changes.
Preset voltage drop by distance
Visual Analysis1 series6 points
Interactive line view for 1 series and 6 sampled points, built for quick reading and clear comparison.
Trend
Upward
Min
0.51
Max
2.58
Insight
Preset voltage drop by distance shows an upward pattern, with a visible peak around 200 ft at 2.58.X-axis: One-way distanceY-axis: Voltage drop (%)
Preset voltage drop by distance
Installation planning checklist
Checklist values are generated from the preset and must be confirmed against the actual equipment and local code before installation.
Copper vs aluminum preset alternatives
Preset alternatives keep the same load, voltage, distance, and voltage-drop target while changing conductor material.
Preset assumptions
This preset models 50A, 240V single-phase, 25 ft one-way, copper conductor, 60C temperature rating, and 3% maximum voltage drop.
Presets are planning shortcuts for common search intents. The equipment nameplate, MCA/MOCP values, continuous-load status, conductor count, ambient temperature, and local amendments can change the final answer.
Common use: Most electric ranges require 50A circuit per nameplate
Safety and code review notes
Confirm breaker size, conductor insulation, terminal temperature rating, grounding conductor, raceway fill, GFCI/AFCI rules, and wet-location requirements before installation.
For EV chargers, HVAC equipment, motors, spas, detached structures, and service feeders, nameplate and local-code rules can override a generic ampacity calculation.
This preset passes the modeled ampacity and voltage-drop checks under its stated assumptions.
Wire sizing derivation
Load: 50A at 240V (single-phase), 25 ft, copper at 60°C
Step 1 — Ampacity: find smallest wire where derated ampacity ≥ 50A → 6 AWG (base 55A, no derating)
Step 2 — Voltage drop: allowed VD = 240V × 3% = 7.199999999999999V
CM = (2 × 12.9 × 50A × 25ft) / 7.199999999999999V = 4,480 CM → 12 AWG
Step 3 — Recommended: 6 AWG (ampacity governs)
Breaker: NEC 240.6(A): use 50A breaker (next standard size ≥ 50A)
Ground wire: NEC Table 250.122: 50A OCPD → EGC ≥ 10 AWG Cu (or 8 AWG Al)
Power loss: 60W in run — ~525.6 kWh/yr (~$73.58/yr @ $0.14/kWh)
Cost: ~$1.85/ft × 50 ft = ~$92.5 (2024 retail THHN)
Conduit: minimum 1-1/4" EMT for 3 conductors of 6 AWG
Verification: 55A ≥ 50A ✓ | VD 0.51% ≤ 3% ✓
Preset wire sizing FAQ
Can I use this preset for every residential project?
No. The preset is a high-confidence planning model for a common setup, but equipment nameplate values, local code, and installation conditions can override it.
No. The preset is a high-confidence planning model for a common setup, but equipment nameplate values, local code, and installation conditions can override it.
Why does distance change wire size?
Longer runs increase circuit resistance and voltage drop, so the same amperage can require a larger conductor at longer distances.
Longer runs increase circuit resistance and voltage drop, so the same amperage can require a larger conductor at longer distances.
Can aluminum replace copper in this preset?
Only with AL-rated terminations and approved installation methods. Use the material alternatives table to compare gauge, ampacity, voltage drop, and cost.
Only with AL-rated terminations and approved installation methods. Use the material alternatives table to compare gauge, ampacity, voltage drop, and cost.
What field details must be checked?
Confirm breaker size, conductor material, insulation, terminal temperature, raceway fill, conductor count, ambient temperature, wet-location rules, and local amendments.
Confirm breaker size, conductor material, insulation, terminal temperature, raceway fill, conductor count, ambient temperature, wet-location rules, and local amendments.
Other common circuits
Kitchen Outlet Circuit (20A, 120V)10 AWG copper20A • 120V • 50ftElectric Dryer (30A, 240V)10 AWG copper30A • 240V • 25ftEV Charger Level 2 (50A, 240V)8 AWG copper50A • 240V • 50ftHot Tub / Spa (50A, 240V)8 AWG copper50A • 240V • 60ftSubpanel Feeder (100A, 240V)1 AWG aluminum100A • 240V • 75ftWorkshop Tool Circuit (30A, 240V)10 AWG copper30A • 240V • 75ft